See page 278 of Trail Guide
Bones and Joints of the Pelvis and Thigh
From the top going down (kind of)
BONE: Lumbar Vertebrae. L5 - L5 is not part of pelvis. But the pelvis begins immediately beneath L5.
JOINT: Costal cartilage - There is costal cartilage between L1 and the sacrum.
BONE: Sacrum - The sacrum made up of fused vertebrae. The sacrum is immediately below L5.
From:wikipedia In humans, the sacrum is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine and at the upper and back part of the pelvic cavity, where it is inserted like a wedge between the two hip bones. Its upper part connects with the last lumbar vertebra, and bottom part with the coccyx (tailbone). It consists of usually five initially unfused vertebrae which begin to fuse between ages 16-18 and are usually completely fused into a single bone by age 34.
JOINT: Sacrococcygeal joint (between sacrum and coccyx. Not really useful for anything)
BONE: Coccyx - very small compared to the sacrum. Not useful for anything. Probably the vestigial remnants of primate tails. Aka "the tail bone"
BONE: Hip Bone (the coxal bone)
Parts of the coxal bone
Ilium - Top half of hip bone. Largest portion. Part of the hip that contains "the wings".
Pubis - Front part of lower half of coxal bone (hip bone)
From wikipedia - the pubic bone is the ventral and anterior of the three principal bones composing either half of the pelvis. (ventral means towards the underside. Anterior means towards the front.)
Ischium - Posterior and distal parts of coxal bone below the ilium.
From wikipedia - the ischium is situated below the ilium and behind the pubis, it is one of these three bones whose fusion creates the coxa. The superior portion of this bone forms approximately one third of the acetabulum.
JOINT: Coxal joint. Also known as the hip joint. Between the pelvis and femur.
BONE: Femur
End-of-document
xyz